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Air conditioners

Air conditioners by type of serviced premises can be divided into household, semi-industrial and industrial air-conditioners.
Household air conditioners are intended for installation in premises, offices and similar premises. Their feature is single-phase mains power and less than 3 kW. This is the capacity allowed by standard electrical outlets installed in residential and office areas. Therefore, cold and heat production air conditioners typically have no more than 7 kW.
Semi-industrial air conditioners have a capacity of cold from 5 to 150 kW, their supply voltage is mostly three-phase, although for models up to 7 kW may be single-phase.

Household air conditioners as well as semi-industrial air conditioners can be either monoblock type (window) or separately (indoors and outdoors) - split systems.
In any split system, the evaporator with its blower fan (indoor unit) can be located in any part of the room, and the compressor, condenser and other elements of the refrigeration unit (compressor condenser or outdoor unit) can be located outside the room at a distance of 3 to 50 outdoor unit meters or more from the indoor unit. The indoor unit and the outdoor unit of the split system are connected by copper pipes through which the refrigerant circulates, and by electrical cables through which the control signals and the supply voltage are transmitted.
Внутрішній блок passes air through the room, cools it, purifies it to varying degrees, depending on the model, and feeds back into the room. Due to the sharp cooling of the moist air, condensate is formed on the evaporator, which, while accumulating in the pallet, flows down the drainage channel or into the sewer via the drainage channel.

Multi-split systems allow you to connect multiple internal units to one outdoor unit. multi-split systems Conventional multi-split systems have multiple ports on the outdoor unit to which indoor units are connected. How many ports - so many indoor units can be connected. In this case, all indoor units can operate simultaneously either only in the cold or only in the heat.
VRV systems allow the use of splitters to connect a much larger number of indoor units to the outdoor, with different types, the number of which depends only on the power of the outdoor unit. In some of these systems, indoor units can operate independently for cooling or heating, which is very convenient when, for example, a server or other room is in the building where cooling is required even in winter.
Mainly household and semi-industrial air conditioners are designed to operate in the summer in cooling mode. In heating mode, they outdoor unit can be used during transitional periods when central or local heating is no longer operational. Therefore, the ambient temperature range at which it is advisable to use the air conditioner is from -5оС to +35оС. Modern inverter split systems can operate at relatively low temperatures, but the performance in such modes of operation in them is significantly lower than nominal.
The main features that should be taken into consideration when choosing an air conditioner are cold and heat performance if the air conditioner can operate in heat pump mode. It is desirable that the air-conditioning capacity of the air conditioner exceeds the estimated heat flow to the room by 20%. Then the air conditioner will operate in the optimum for the compressor mode and the resource of its work will be much larger.

The design and method of installation of indoor units air conditioners split systems are divided into wall type air conditioners (wall air conditioners), duct type air conditioners (duct air conditioners), cassette air conditioners and floor and ceiling air conditioners, as well as column air conditioners.

Wall air conditioners have a cooling capacity of 1.9 to 11 kW. They supply up to 7 kW, Wall air conditioners single phase, voltage is usually supplied to the indoor unit; for more powerful models, the phase 3 voltage is applied to the external units
Art-Cool typeThe design and color of the indoor units have a wide variety, from the usual rectangular shape to the square, with the ability to use the block as a picture frame or in an angular design. The air conditioner is controlled by a remote control, angular indoor unit as a rule, the fan of the unit has several speeds, there are modes of forced cooling, drainage, regulation of the direction of the jet, etc. Some manufacturers use additional filters and air ionizers.

Duct air conditioners are used where it is possible to hide the indoor unit in the basement space. This raises the need for air ducts and gratings, that ducted indoor unit increases installation costs. However, on the other hand, one indoor unit can be used to cool several rooms without spoiling their interior. In addition, duct air conditioners have the ability to mix ambient air with recirculation (up to 20%) and this is a very important advantage. Depending on the number of ducts that can be connected to the indoor unit, duct air conditioning can be low, medium and high pressure. Power line type air conditioners have from 5 to 30 kW in the cold.

If the underfloor space in the premises is at least 25 cm, cassette air conditioners will never ruin their interior, as only the panel will remain visible. Cooled air cassette indoor unit is distributed on 4 sides, which minimizes the feeling of discomfort from the cold jet when operating air conditioners of other types. Cassette air conditioners have a built-in drainage pump that allows you to easily solve the problem of condensate removal. Cassette air conditioners have a fairly wide range of cooling capacity - from 3.5 to 16 kW.

Floor-ceiling air-conditioners create a powerful jet along the ceiling or the wall. That is why floor-to-ceiling air-conditioners are conveniently floor-ceiling indoor unit install in large rooms, even with Руфтопnot too high ceilings, where it is not possible to install duct or cassette air conditioners. The performance in cold ceiling and ceiling air conditioners is 5 - 16 kW.

Column air conditionersColumn air conditioners type generates powerful airflow. The minimum cooling capacity of such air conditioners is 8 kW, the maximum is 25 kW. Column air conditioners fit perfectly into any interior, but because of the powerful flow of cold it is convenient to install them not everywhere, but only, for example, in large high halls, where the use of air conditioners of other types is either impossible or impractical.

Industrial air conditioners have a capacity of over 30 kW and are intended for installation in industrial and large public buildings. roof air conditioning
These include roof air conditioning (ruftop), powerful high-pressure duct air conditioners. When installing on such units additional options - heaters of different types, including gas burners, high-pressure fans, mixing chambers, etc., industrial air-conditioners are becoming full-fledged high-tech climate equipment.

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